• Manuscript: Early-stage draft (complete or partial)

• Focus: Manuscript as a whole

• Analysis: Structure, clarity, voice, theme, plot, pacing, character development, internal and factual consistency

• Product: In-depth written report, style sheet and timeline, and suggested resources

• Manuscript: Early- to mid-stage draft (complete or partial, depending on client goals)

• Focus: Sentence and paragraph level language and structure

• Edit: Smooth transitions; improve flow, readability, and clarity; ensure consistency of voice and tone

• Product: Manuscript copy including tracked changes and comments, a written explanation of edits, and suggested resources as relevant

• Manuscript: Complete late-stage draft (developmental/line editing finished)

• Focus: Sentence and word level usage of language and punctuation

• Product: Manuscript copy including tracked changes and comments, a brief written explanation of frequent and more complex edits, and suggested resources as relevant

Light copyediting ensures consistency of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, etc.; correct grammar, spelling, usage, and syntax; flags internal and factual inconsistencies; notes passages that may be confusing to readers

Medium copyediting ensures consistency of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, etc.; corrects grammar, spelling, usage, and syntax; flags internal inconsistencies and fact-check when possible; suggests revisions for passages that may be confusing to readers

Heavy copyediting ensures consistency of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, etc.; corrects grammar, spelling, usage, and syntax; revises internal inconsistencies and fact-check; revises passages that may be confusing to readers and to tighten prose and improve flow

• Manuscript: any stage, complete or partial, depending on client goals (not recommended when there is a significant likelihood that facts checked may become irrelevant to the manuscript)

• Focus: all information presented as factual; any details that are not factual but that the client wants to ensure are feasible (e.g., whether a particular rural area could reasonably have a five-star hotel)

• Edit: verification of information through reliable sources and inclusion of alternative or additional information as relevant to the manuscript and client needs

• Product: written report of all facts and details checked including what was presented in the manuscript, any changes needed to maintain factual consistency/plausibility, and a list of sources for reference

Don't see what you're looking for? Need a combination of services? Looking for coaching to get started on your manuscript or find the right resources to guide yourself? Let's talk! Use the contact form on this site, send an email, or message me on social media—whichever is most comfortable for you.